Diabetes: A 21st Century Scourge - The Facts and Figures

The causes of diabetes and how it ravages the body is sobering. The shocking reality of diabetes is that despite all of the medical advances and its worldwide prevalence it continues on a skyward rise into the stratosphere. As if that is not sobering enough the facts listed below will help bring the point home.

• Nearly 26 million children and adults in the United States (nearly 8.5 % of the population) have diabetes
• 79 million Americans are thought to be prediabetic
• 1.9 million Americans are diagnosed with diabetes every year
• Nearly 10% of the entire U.S. population has diabetes, including over 25% of seniors
• As many as 1 in 3 American adults will have diabetes in 2050 if present trends continue
• The economic cost of diagnosed diabetes in the U.S. is $245 billion per year
• 1.9 million Americans aged 20 years or older are newly diagnosed with diabetes                each year (5,205/day)
• Compared to non-Hispanic whites the risk of diagnosed is 1.2 times higher among Asian Americans, 1.7 times higher among Hispanic Americans, and 1.8 times higher among African Americans
• Diabetes is the primary cause of death  for 71,382 Americans each year
• Diabetes contributes to the death of 231,404 Americans annually (combining death certificates that list diabetes as the primary and a contributing cause of death)
• $245 billion annually attributable to diagnosed diabetes, including $176  billion in direct costs and $69 billion in indirect costs (disability, work loss, premature mortality)
• People with diagnosed diabetes have health care costs 2.3 times higher than what expenditures would be in the absence of diabetes
• About 60% to 70% of people with diabetes have mild to severe forms of neuropathy
• More than 60% of nontraumatic lower-limb amputations occur in people with diabetes
• About 65,700 nontraumatic lower-limb  amputations are performed in people with diabetes annually (180/day)
• Diabetes is the leading cause of kidney failure, accounting for 44% of all new cases of kidney failure
• Adults with diabetes have heart disease death rates about 2 to 4 times higher than adults without diabetes, and the risk for stroke is 2 to 4 times higher among people with diabetes
• Diabetes is the leading cause of new cases of blindness among adults aged 20–74 years
• The prevalence of diagnosed diabetes in the U.S. increased by 128% from 1988 to 2008
• Diabetes kills more Americans every year than AIDS and breast cancer combined

 In the next few articles in this series we will strike a happier tone by covering some of the ways diabetes can be mitigated or reversed. There is plenty of hope and good news so there is no need to despair despite the statistics. We will also discuss the psychology of diabetes and its effect on the lives of those that have it and the people who help care for them.

Diabetes: A 21st Century Scourge - The Ravages of Diabetes Continued

Uncontrolled blood sugar levels is the calling card of Type II diabetes that eventually leads to circulatory issues that are life changing. Foot ulcers, peripheral nerve damage and the accompanying pain, and blindness can result when blood vessels are weakened by the inflammatory action of unregulated blood sugar. Nightmarish as those conditions may be the complications of diabetes can worsen overtime leading to renal failure, heart attacks and stroke.

Diabetic Nephropathy

Silently and slowly high blood glucose levels damages the kidneys of diabetics and pre-diabetics which takes its toll. The kidneys help filter the blood and flush the body of unwanted toxins. Overtime high sugar levels cause the thickening and scarring of nephrons. The process eventually leads to renal (kidney) failure. To make matters worse it can take anywhere from 5 – 10 years before the symptoms of acute kidney damage are experienced. Some of the symptoms include nausea with vomiting, swelling of the legs, headaches, chronic fatigue, and poor appetite. Kidney damage is a leading cause of death in diabetics. As it is kidney function can be a direct correlation to the quality of a person’s life.

Strokes

High blood glucose levels create all sorts of negative domino effects in the body. One part of the domino effect is the scarring and deterioration of blood vessels that occur. The body attempts to repair these blood vessels that are constantly under attack. In doing so the material used to make the repairs “builds up” in the blood vessels creating blockages. Sometimes these blockages occur in arteries and blood vessels that supply blood to brain. When the blockages are severe enough a stroke soon follows. The result of the stroke could lead to paralysis, speech loss, inability to coordinate movement or even death. Smaller strokes could lead to dementia or senility.

Heart Attacks

Diabetes and cardiovascular diseases seem to go hand in hand. Primarily because of the circulatory issues created by having diabetes in the first place. From there it becomes much easier for cardiovascular disease to gain a foothold especially if poor lifestyle habits and predisposition to these diseases exist. Diabetics experience heart attacks more frequently than non-diabetics. Diabetics are also twice as likely to die following a heart attack as non-diabetics.